publish time：2019-12-18
Culture | He Ping
The world's most painful "overtime"，However, no time-consuming than simply the results。
Extended more than 40 hours after，2019United Nations Climate Change Conference on the 15th in the Spanish capital Madrid Closing。Due to differences between the parties to negotiate seriously，The General Assembly is still no concrete agreements on key issues such as emissions trading scheme。As the history of the longest Climate Conference，Such results make the UN Secretary-General Guterres disappointed："The international community lost an important opportunity，Eased、Adaptation to climate crisis and financing in response to crisis，To show greater ambition。”
Developed countries wanted to "refuse to work."
2019In frequent meteorological disasters around the world，The community called for UN and governments to take more aggressive action，Tackling climate change，But the most important thing at the annual climate summit，Delegates without success。but，Swedish "green girl" when the return on the train "shot put" Snapshots，Down led to more attention，"Success" to transfer the core issues。
▲ Swedish "green girl" after the accused shot put and got into a first-class carriage。
To some extent，Environmental girl faced an embarrassing situation、Cynicism，Metaphorical color，Show calls for environmental protection is being challenged，International attempts to reach a satisfactory agreement is becoming more and more difficult。
According to the Paris Agreement，Rich countries promised from the beginning of 2020 to provide $ 100 billion a year，Help achieve poorer countries cope with climate target。Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Data show，20132016，National average annual funding of about $ 54.3 billion，2017Reach $ 71.2 billion。
Madrid Summit，Avoid long-term commitment of developed countries to provide further funds to the most vulnerable countries，Several countries also questioned the need for international financing mechanisms。The hesitation in developed countries，Also raised concerns of developing countries。If the developed countries not to honor their financial commitments，We will further deepen tensions between developing countries and several major economies。
In the past 25 years，The US government's commitment to climate action is essential to the progress of United Nations talks。however，2017In the United States announced that it would withdraw from the agreement in Paris，And played down losses related to weather-related compensation due to the poor countries suffered regulations。The United States in the foreseeable future in meeting their emission reduction commitments under the Paris Agreement。
Although 2020 November 4 US to officially withdraw from the agreement in Paris，But US President Trump denies climate change，Repeatedly denied the Paris Agreement，And began to repeal the Obama era laws and regulations aimed at reducing US greenhouse gas output。This is in stark contrast to Obama's efforts。The Madrid meeting might be the last time the United States to attend climate summit，So at a meeting on，United States almost did not do anything。
Quarrel on the Climate Conference，It is an indication of disorder in international relations
Paris is a core part of the agreement called for new rules of global carbon trading market。This is the most difficult part of the negotiations，No progress，Some parts even more than the Bonn conference in June also backwards。United States、Saudi Arabia、Russia and other major emitters of carbon is accused of obstructionism，Australia were accused of recycling old carbon credits，They want to pass the results of past emissions to the new regime。
Although the world's third largest body of EU emissions of carbon market rules in the international efforts to promote the summit，But the European negotiators finally rejected Brazil、India and other countries required。The EU delegation said in a statement on Sunday in，"We can not support the destruction of European security of global rules。"The EU unilateral commitment to achieve a net zero emissions by 2050。
In the final analysis，Climate change，Background and foreground faced by countries vary，Some bear the brunt of climate warming during the island nation is eager to promote cooperation，And some of the less affected countries but tolerant；Some poor countries "Xinyou inadequate"；While some rich countries are reluctant to take the money to give to。Serious differences on climate summit，In fact, in recent years also to the entire international relations of a disorder indication。
Other，Chile chaired climate talks failed to effectively manage the meeting。Since Chile's domestic unrest continued，Meeting had around before the start，We decided to hold in Madrid outside Chile。This affects the climate in Chile executives for meeting preparation and management to some extent,。
but，Still needs to be emphasized that，Despite the global climate response process setbacks，But the impact of climate change on humanity has been obvious。According to the current level of emissions，End of this century the global temperature will rise 3 degrees to 4 degrees Celsius，Meanwhile disastrous consequences for some countries。Standing on the individual circumstances may each have their own thinking，But the sense of a common destiny to examine，He is also the country's human catastrophe losses。We look forward to the 2020 climate summit will produce more positive results，Governments may seek common ground，Together to face common challenges human society。
Author：He Ping (Dr.，China International Environmental Foundation president)
